《 同等学力申硕英语考试核心重点 -突击30天上岸- 》
欢迎学习历年考点例句与语法详解内容
金色加粗词汇是考试高频词，请注意对照中文认真学习。
2021年
[presto_player id=2300]
100. If you’ve ever hosted a mouse as a house guest, you know they can be incredibly clever at finding your food.
如果您曾经招待过一只老鼠作为家里的客人，您知道它们会非常聪明地找到您的食物。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个条件句。主句是You know they can be incredibly clever at finding your food，表达了如果条件成立时的结果或经验。You know是主句的主语和谓语，表达了对经验的确认。they can be incredibly clever at finding your food是主语的宾语从句，描述了老鼠的特点。incredibly clever是形容词短语，强调老鼠的智慧或狡猾，at finding your food是介词短语，表明它们聪明的方面。
◌ If you’ve ever hosted a mouse as a house guest是条件状语从句，设置了一个假设的情境。hosted a mouse as a house guest是一个有趣的表达，用人性化的方式描述了老鼠进入家中的情形。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ hosted: 招待。同义词：accommodated, entertained, harbored。
◌ mouse: 老鼠。同义词：mice。
◌ incredibly: 非常地。同义词：extremely, remarkably, extraordinarily。
◌ clever: 聪明的。同义词：intelligent, smart, ingenious。
◌ finding: 找到。同义词：locating, discovering, uncovering。
101. They had to become better in traits like problem solving because we became better at hiding our food from them.
它们不得不变得在解决问题之类的特质上变得更优秀，因为我们变得更善于将食物藏起来，使它们难以找到。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个因果关系句。主句是They had to become better in traits like problem solving，表明了老鼠或其他动物的适应。They had to become better表达了一种必要性或逼迫性，in traits like problem solving是介词短语，指出了适应或改进的具体方面。
◌ because we became better at hiding our food from them是原因状语从句。we became better at hiding our food表明了人类行为的变化，from them是介词短语，表明了这种行为的对象或目标。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ better: 更好地。同义词：more skilled, more proficient, improved。
◌ traits: 特征。同义词：characteristics, qualities, attributes。
◌ problem solving: 解决问题。同义词：troubleshooting, resolving issues。
◌ hiding: 隐藏。同义词：concealing, obscuring, masking。
102. Anja Gunther is with the Max Planck Institute in Germany. She says that battle of the minds has made mice craftier over time.
安娅·冈瑟隶属于德国马克斯·普朗克研究所。她表示，心智之战使得老鼠随着时间的推移变得更加狡猾。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。第一部分，Anja Gunther is with the Max Planck Institute in Germany，是一个简单句，介绍了人物和其工作的地点。Anja Gunther是主语，is with the Max Planck Institute in Germany是谓语和宾语，说明了她的工作单位和地点。
◌ 第二部分，She says that battle of the minds has made mice craftier over time，是主谓宾结构。She says是主句，that battle of the minds has made mice craftier over time是宾语从句。battle of the minds是一个比喻性短语，指代人类和老鼠之间的智力斗争，has made mice craftier是谓语，表示这种斗争的结果是老鼠变得更狡猾，over time是时间状语，表示变化是随时间发生的。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ battle of the minds: 智力较量。同义词：intellectual contest, cognitive battle。
◌ craftier: 更狡猾的。同义词：more cunning, more sly, more clever。
◌ over time: 随着时间。同义词：gradually, over the years, as time goes by。
103. You see, there are more than a dozen subspecies of house mice worldwide. And each began cohabitating with humans at different times in our evolutionary history.
您知道，全球有十几个家鼠的亚种。而且每个亚种开始与人类共同生活的时间在我们的进化的历史中各不相同。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。第一部分，There are more than a dozen subspecies of house mice worldwide，是一个简单句，提供了关于家鼠种类的信息。There are是存在句型的谓语，more than a dozen subspecies of house mice worldwide是主语，描述了家鼠的多样性和分布范围。
◌ 第二部分，And each began cohabitating with humans at different times in our evolutionary history，是主谓宾结构。each指代前文提到的家鼠亚种，began cohabitating with humans是谓语，描述了家鼠与人类共生的开始，at different times in our evolutionary history是时间状语，说明这一共生关系的开始时间在人类进化历史中是不同的。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ subspecies: 亚种。同义词：subtypes, variants, breeds。
◌ cohabitating: 共同生活。同义词：living together, coexisting, sharing habitats。
◌ evolutionary history: 进化历史。同义词：development history。
104. Mus musculus castaneus , It’s a relative newcomer who began cohabitating only 3,000 to 5,000 years ago.
小家鼠是一个相对较新的亚种，它开始与人类共同生活的时间只有大约3000到5000年。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是Mus musculus castaneus，指代这个特定的家鼠亚种。It’s a relative newcomer是谓语和表语，描述了这个亚种相对于其他家鼠亚种的新近性。who began cohabitating only 3,000 to 5,000 years ago是一个定语从句，修饰主语，提供了关于这个亚种开始与人类共生的大致时间。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ relative newcomer: 相对较新的。同义词：recent addition, new participant。
◌ cohabitating: 共同生活。同义词：living together, coexisting, sharing habitats。
◌ years ago: 年前。同义词：years earlier, in the past, previously。
105. They gathered 150 mice–representing all three groups – and tested them with seven different food puzzles.
他们收集了150只老鼠——代表所有三个群体——并用七种不同的食物难题对它们进行了测试。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是they，指代进行研究的人员或科学家。gathered 150 mice是谓语和宾语，描述了研究的第一个步骤，即收集老鼠。representing all three groups是一个现在分词短语，作为宾语的补充说明，表明收集的老鼠代表了三个不同的群体。
◌ and tested them with seven different food puzzles是并列谓语，描述了对老鼠进行的实验。tested表示进行了测试，them指代前文的老鼠，with seven different food puzzles是状语，说明了测试的方式，用七种不同的食物难题。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ gathered: 收集。同义词：collected, assembled, brought together。
◌ representing: 代表。同义词：symbolizing, exemplifying, standing for。
◌ tested: 测试。同义词：examined, experimented on, assessed。
◌ food puzzles: 食物难题。同义词：feeding challenges, nutritional puzzles。
106. Each puzzle was baited with a mealworm, which the mice could only get by pushing or pulling a lid, for example, or extracting a ball of paper from a tube or opening the window of a Lego house.
每个难题都用蛆虫作为诱饵，老鼠只有通过推拉盖子、例如，或者从管子里取出一团纸球，或者打开乐高的窗户才能得到这个诱饵。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复杂句。主句是Each puzzle was baited with a mealworm，其中Each puzzle是主语，was baited with a mealworm是谓语和表语，描述了实验中每个难题的设置。which the mice could only get by是一个定语从句，修饰mealworm，说明老鼠获得诱饵的条件。
◌ pushing or pulling a lid、extracting a ball of paper from a tube和opening the window of a Lego house是并列的介词短语，作为定语从句的一部分，详细描述了老鼠解决难题的具体行为。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ baited: 用作诱饵的。同义词：lured, attracted, enticed。
◌ mealworm: 蛆虫。同义词：larva, worm。
◌ pushing or pulling: 推拉。同义词：moving, manipulating, shifting。
◌ extracting: 取出。同义词：removing, retrieving, pulling out。
◌ Lego house: 乐高房子。同义词：building block house, toy house。
107. So, basically, what we are left at, with trying to explain these results that we see, is that the mice really developed higher enhanced cognitive abilities while living with humans.
所以，基本上，我们尝试解释我们所观察到的这些结果的结论是，老鼠在与人类共同生活的过程中确实发展出了更高级的认知能力。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复杂句。主句是So, basically, what we are left at, with trying to explain these results that we see，这是一个较复杂的结构，用以引出对实验结果的解释。what we are left at, with trying to explain these results that we see是一个宾语从句，嵌入在主句中，表示剩下用以解释观察到的结果的内容。
◌ is that the mice really developed higher enhanced cognitive abilities while living with humans是宾语从句的内容，表达了科学研究的结论。the mice really developed higher enhanced cognitive abilities是主体，说明了老鼠发展出的能力，while living with humans是状语，指出了这种发展发生的环境或条件。
B.义表达替换：
◌ developed: 发展。同义词：acquired, evolved, advanced。
◌ higher enhanced cognitive abilities: 更高级的认知能力。同义词：advanced mental capabilities, heightened intellectual abilities。
108. Gunther says it’s more important than ever to understand how we influence animal minds to learn why some creatures, like house mice, adapt-while others simply die out.
冈瑟表示，现在更加重要的是了解我们如何影响动物思维，以了解为什么一些生物，如家鼠，会适应，而其他一些则灭绝。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复杂句。主句是Gunther says it’s more important than ever，其中Gunther says是主句的主语和谓语，引出了冈瑟的观点，it’s more important than ever是宾语从句，强调了这个观点的重要性。
◌ to understand how we influence animal minds和to learn why some creatures, like house mice, adapt-while others simply die out是两个不定式短语，作为目的状语，解释了为何这个观点如此重要。第一个不定式短语说明了需要了解的内容，即我们如何影响动物的思维；第二个不定式短语说明了需要学习的目的，即为什么一些生物能适应而其他生物却灭绝
B.同义表达替换：
◌ influence: 影响。同义词：affect, impact, shape。
◌ animal minds: 动物的思维。同义词：animal cognition, animal intellect。
◌ adapt: 适应。同义词：adjust, acclimate, conform。
◌ die out: 灭绝。同义词：become extinct, perish, disappear。
109. Ironically, Sheila’s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children under 17 are leaving the site – only 2.2 million users are under 17 – but they’re not going tar from their smartphones.
具有讽刺意味的是，Sheila的孙辈们更不太可能自己使用Facebook。17岁以下的孩子们正在离开这个平台，只有220万用户年龄在17岁以下，但他们并没有远离他们的智能手机。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。第一部分，Ironically, Sheila’s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves，是一个简单句，表达了一个与预期相反的情况。Ironically是副词，用于强调情况的讽刺性，Sheila’s grandchildren是主语，are less likely to use Facebook themselves是谓语，表明他们使用Facebook的可能性较低。
◌ 第二部分，Children under 17 are leaving the site – only 2.2 million users are under 17 – but they’re not going far from their smartphones，是主谓宾结构。Children under 17是主语，are leaving the site是谓语，表明这个年龄组的孩子正在离开Facebook。only 2.2 million users are under 17是一个插入语，提供了具体的用户数据。but they’re not going far from their smartphones是转折，指出尽管他们离开Facebook，但仍然频繁使用智能手机。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ less likely: 不太可能。同义词：less prone, less inclined, not as likely。
◌ leaving: 离开。同义词：abandoning, departing from, exiting。
◌ users: 用户。同义词：participants, members, subscribers。
◌ smartphones: 智能手机。同义词：mobile phones, cell phones, handsets。
110. Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone and social media addiction as their parents were the early adopters of the smartphone.
青少年可能要感谢他们的父母对他们智能手机和社交媒体成瘾的影响，因为他们的父母是智能手机的早期采纳者。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。主句是Teenagers might have their parents to thank for their smartphone and social media addiction，其中Teenagers是主语，might have their parents to thank for是谓语，表明青少年可能需要感谢他们的父母，their smartphone and social media addiction是宾语，指代青少年的智能手机和社交媒体使用习惯。
◌ as their parents were the early adopters of the smartphone是原因状语从句。as表示因为，their parents是主语，were the early adopters of the smartphone是谓语，说明了父母对于智能手机的早期接纳，暗示这可能对孩子们的使用行为产生了影响。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ addiction: 成瘾。同义词：dependency, obsession, compulsion。
◌ early adopters: 早期采纳者。同义词：initial users, first adopters, pioneers。
◌ smartphone: 智能手机。同义词：mobile phone, cell phone, handheld device。
◌ social media: 社交媒体。同义词：social networks, digital media。
111. I’m not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies, but the important thing is I’m setting a better example to my kids and spending more quality time with them.
在紧急情况下我并没有完全地与世界断绝联系，但重要的是我为我的孩子树立了一个更好的榜样，与他们度过了更多的高质量时间。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是一个复杂句。主句是I’m not completely cut off from the world in case of emergencies，其中I是主语，am not completely cut off from the world是谓语，表明说话者并没有完全与外界隔绝，in case of emergencies是状语，说明在紧急情况下仍然可以保持联系。
◌ but the important thing is I’m setting a better example to my kids and spending more quality time with them是转折状语从句，强调了说话者的主要目标或重点。the important thing is是句子的主体结构，I’m setting a better example to my kids和spending more quality time with them是并列的动作，表明说话者的行为和其对孩子们的积极影响。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ cut off: 断绝联系。同义词：disconnected, separated, isolated。
◌ emergencies: 紧急情况。同义词：crises, urgent situations, critical moments。
◌ setting a better example: 树立更好的榜样。同义词：providing a good role model, demonstrating positive behavior, leading by example。
◌ quality time: 高质量时间。同义词：valuable time, meaningful time。
112. The Kaiser Permanent health system announced a new kind of medical school. 凯撒永久医疗系统宣布了一种新型医学院。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是The Kaiser Permanent health system，指的是一个特定的医疗机构。announced是谓语，表示宣布或公告。a new kind of medical school是宾语，描述了宣布的内容，强调这是新型的医学教育机构。
同义表达替换：
◌ announced: 宣布。同义词：declared, proclaimed, stated。
◌ new kind of: 新型的。同义词： innovative kind of, unique form of。
◌ medical school: 医学院。同义词：medical college, school of medicine, institution for medical education。
113. Patient and provider well being, mental health and the elimination of socioeconomic disparities in the medical system.
患者和医疗提供者的福祉、心理健康以及消除医疗系统中的社会经济差异。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个列举式的简单句。没有明显的主谓结构，而是直接列举了几个关键词和短语来强调医疗系统中的几个重要议题。
◌ Patient and provider well-being关注的是患者和医疗服务提供者的整体福祉。mental health强调心理健康的重要性。the elimination of socioeconomic disparities提出了消除医疗领域内社会经济差异的目标。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ mental health: 心理健康。同义词：psychological well-being, mental wellness。
114. The curriculum would emphasize cultural competency, patient and provider well-being, mental health and the elimination of socioeconomic disparities in the medical system. 该课程将强调文化能力、患者和医疗提供者的福祉、心理健康以及消除医疗系统中的社会经济差异。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是The curriculum，指的是某个医学院的课程内容。would emphasize是谓语，表明课程的教学重点。
◌ 课程强调的几个方面分别是：cultural competency（文化能力）、patient and provider well-being（患者和医疗提供者的福祉）、mental health（心理健康）和the elimination of socioeconomic disparities in the medical system（消除医疗系统中的社会经济差异）。这些都是通过并列结构列出的，展示了课程的多元和综合性重点。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ emphasize: 强调。同义词：highlight, stress, underscore。
◌ cultural competency: 文化能力。同义词：cultural proficiency。
◌ well-being: 福祉。同义词：welfare, health, wellness。
115. Students would see patients right away, and hands-on learning would replace many lectures.
学生将会立即接触病人，而实践学习将取代许多讲座。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是Students，谓语是would see，表明学生的行动或经历。patients right away是宾语，说明学生会立即开始与病人互动。and hands-on learning would replace many lectures是并列谓语，描述了教学方法的改变。hands-on learning强调实践操作，would replace表明这种方式将取代传统的讲座。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ see patients: 接触病人。同义词：interact with patients, engage with patients。
◌ right away: 立即。同义词：immediately, directly, instantly。
◌ hands-on learning: 实践学习。同义词：practical learning。
◌ replace: 取代。同义词：substitute, supplant, exchange。
◌ lectures: 讲座。同义词：talks, presentations, classes。
116. What’s more, the first five graduating classes would pay nothing to attend; Kaiser hoped this would attract students more diverse than the typicalS. medical school’s.
更重要的是，前五届毕业生无需支付任何学费；凯撒希望这能吸引比美国典型医学院更多样化的学生。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。第一部分，What’s more, the first five graduating classes would pay nothing to attend，是一个简单句。What’s more是一个过渡短语，用于引出额外的信息或强调。the first five graduating classes是主语，指前五届毕业生，would pay nothing to attend是谓语，说明学生的学费情况。
◌ 第二部分，Kaiser hoped this would attract students more diverse than the typical U.S. medical school’s，是主谓宾结构。Kaiser是主语，指凯撒医疗机构，hoped是谓语，this would attract students more diverse than the typical U.S. medical school’s是宾语从句，表明凯撒的期望或目标，即吸引更多样化的学生群体，超出美国典型医学院的常态。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ pay nothing: 无需支付。同义词： no tuition required, at no cost。
◌ attract: 吸引。同义词：draw, lure, entice。
◌ diverse: 多样化的。同义词：varied, heterogeneous, assorted。
◌ typical: 典型的。同义词：usual, standard, conventional。
117. The COVID-19 pandemic had put almost every facet of normal life on hold, and the medical system was scrambling to treat millions of patients with a new and terrifying disease, the majority of them black and brown.
COVID-19大流行病几乎使正常生活的每个方面暂停，医疗系统正在努力治疗数百万患有这种新型且可怕疾病的患者，其中大多数是黑人和棕色人种。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复杂句。主句是The COVID-19 pandemic had put almost every facet of normal life on hold，其中COVID-19 pandemic是主语，had put是谓语，almost every facet of normal life on hold是宾语，描述了大流行对正常生活的影响。
◌ and the medical system was scrambling to treat millions of patients with a new and terrifying disease是主句的后半部分，延续了前半部分的话题。the medical system是主语，was scrambling to treat millions of patients是谓语，表达了医疗系统在应对这场危机时的紧急状态，with a new and terrifying disease是宾语的补充，说明患者的疾病状况。
◌ the majority of them black and brown是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰patients，提供了关于受影响患者群体的额外信息。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ on hold: 暂停。同义词：suspended, halted, paused。
◌ scrambling: 急忙。同义词：struggling, rushing, hurrying。
◌ treat: 治疗。同义词：care for, attend to, manage。
◌ terrifying: 可怕的。同义词：frightening, horrifying, alarming。
◌ majority: 大多数。同义词：most, bulk, greater part。
118. The streets were filled with people protesting police brutality and racism, as a nation that had long overslept awoke to the disparities woven into almost every American institution.
街道上充满了抗议警察暴力和种族主义的人群，一个长期沉睡的国家终于觉醒，意识到几乎每个美国机构中都交织着的不平等。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复杂句。主句是The streets were filled with people protesting police brutality and racism，其中streets是主语，were filled with people protesting是谓语，police brutality and racism是宾语的补充，描述人们抗议的原因。
◌ as a nation that had long overslept awoke to the disparities woven into almost every American institution是一个时间状语从句，说明了抗议发生的背景或原因。a nation that had long overslept是主语，awoke to the disparities woven into almost every American institution是谓语，表明这个国家终于意识到了其制度中存在的不平等问题。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ protesting: 抗议。同义词：demonstrating against, objecting to。
◌ police brutality: 警察暴力。同义词：police violence。
◌ racism: 种族主义。同义词：racial discrimination, bigotry, racial prejudice。
◌ disparities: 不平等。同义词：inequalities, imbalances, discrepancies。
◌ institution: 机构。同义词：establishment, organization, entity。
119. Medical schools all over the world have had to adjust on the fly, in ways both practical and ideological.
世界各地的医学院都不得不即兴调整，这些调整既有实际的也有理念上的。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是Medical schools all over the world，谓语是have had to adjust，表示全球范围内医学院面临的调整需求。on the fly是一个短语，表示快速或即时的反应。in ways both practical and ideological是宾语补充短语，进一步说明这些调整的特点，包括实际操作层面和理念层面改变。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ adjust: 调整。同义词：adapt, modify, alter。
◌ on the fly: 即兴。同义词：spontaneously, impromptu, in an agile manner。
◌ practical: 实际的。同义词：pragmatic, functional, utilitarian。
◌ ideological: 理念上的。同义词：philosophical, conceptual, theoretical。
120.Then, in the U.S., schools were also forced to grapple with their roles in a health care system that often fails to keep Black and brown patients well.
然后，在美国，学校也被迫去面对它们在一个常常无法保持黑人和棕色人种患者健康的医疗系统中的角色。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。主句是schools were also forced to grapple with their roles，其中schools是主语，were forced是谓语，表示被迫的情况，to grapple with their roles是不定式短语，作为宾语，描述学校面临的挑战。
◌ in a health care system that often fails to keep Black and brown patients well是一个定语从句，修饰roles，说明这些学校的角色位于一个常常未能有效照顾黑人和棕色人种患者的医疗系统中。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ grapple with: 应对。同义词：deal with, confront, tackle。
◌ health care system: 医疗系统。同义词：healthcare structure, medical system。
◌ fails: 失败。同义词：is unable, does not succeed, falls short。
◌ keep… well: 保持健康。同义词：maintain health, ensure well-being。
121. This visually based style sets actor Rowan apart from most modern comedians who mainly rely on dialog or monolog.
这种以视觉为基础的风格使演员罗温与大多数现代喜剧演员区别开来，后者主要依赖对话或独白。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是This visually based style，谓语是sets actor Rowan apart，表明这种风格使Rowan与众不同。from most modern comedians是宾语，指出与之比较的对象，who mainly rely on dialog or monolog是定语从句，修饰modern comedians，说明这些喜剧演员的表演风格主要是依赖对话或独白。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ visually based: 以视觉为基础的。同义词：visually oriented, image-focused。
◌ sets apart: 区别。同义词：differentiates, distinguishes, separates。
◌ rely on: 依靠。同义词：depend on, lean on, count on。
◌ monolog: 独白。同义词：soliloquy, monologue, solo speech。
122. Thankfully, the report about the actors death turned out to be a complete hoax, and Rowan Atkinson is still alive and well.
值得庆幸的是，关于那位演员去世的报道最终被证实是一个彻底的恶作剧，而Rowan Atkinson仍然健在。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是The report about the actor’s death，谓语是turned out to be，表示这个报道的最终结果。a complete hoax是宾语，说明报道是假的。
◌ and Rowan Atkinson is still alive and well是并列的句子，提供了关于Rowan Atkinson当前状态的信息。Rowan Atkinson是主语，is still alive and well是谓语和表语，强调他仍然健康地活着。
B.同义表达替换：
hoax: 恶作剧。同义词：fraud, fake news, deception。
alive and well: 健康地活着。同义词：in good health, thriving, flourishing。
turned out to be: 被证实是。同义词：was revealed to be, proved to be。
123. I’ve found electric vehicles to be superior to their fossil–powered predecessors in just about every important way, and although I am a car-crazy Californian, I don’t expect to buy a lung–destroying, pollution-spewing gas car ever again.
我发现电动汽车在几乎每个重要方面都优于它们的石油燃料动力前辈，尽管我是一个痴迷汽车的加利福尼亚人，但我不再打算购买会破坏肺部、排放污染的汽油汽车。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。主句是I’ve found electric vehicles to be superior to their fossil-powered predecessors in just about every important way，其中I是主语，have found是谓语，electric vehicles to be superior to their fossil-powered predecessors in just about every important way是宾语从句，表达了作者关于电动汽车的观点。
◌ and although I am a car-crazy Californian是转折状语从句，引入说话者的个人背景和可能的偏好。I don’t expect to buy a lung-destroying, pollution-spewing gas car ever again是主句的后半部分，表明说话者对未来购车的决定。
B.同义表达替换：
◌superior: 优越的。同义词：better, more advanced, preferable。
◌fossil-powered: 石油燃料动力的。同义词：gasoline-powered, petrol-driven。
◌lung-destroying, pollution-spewing: 对肺部有害的，排放污染的。同义词：harmful to the respiratory system, polluting, emitting pollutants。
◌gas car: 汽油汽车。同义词：petrol car, gasoline vehicle。
124. But electric motors are merely a power source, not a panacea.
但电动机仅仅是一种动力源，而不是灵丹妙药。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是But electric motors，谓语是are，表明电动机的本质或角色。merely a power source是表语，强调电动机的主要功能是作为动力来源。not a panacea是否定表达，表明电动机并不是解决所有问题的完美解决方案。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ merely: 仅仅。同义词：simply, just, only。
◌ power source: 动力来源。同义词：source of energy, energy supplier。
◌ panacea: 万能药。同义词：universal remedy, cure-all, universal solution。
125. Plug-in cars are now being cast as a central player in America’s response to a warming future–turning a perfectly reasonable technological hope into overblown hype.
现在，插电式汽车被视为美国应对全球变暖未来的核心角色——将一个完全合理的技术希望转变成了过分的炒作。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个复合句。主句是Plug-in cars are now being cast as a central player in America’s response to a warming future，其中Plug-in cars是主语，are now being cast as是被动语态的谓语，表明电动汽车目前被赋予的角色，a central player in America’s response to a warming future是宾语，描述了电动汽车在美国应对全球变暖中的重要性。
◌ turning a perfectly reasonable technological hope into overblown hype是现在分词短语，作为结果状语，角色转换的影响，把合理的技术期望变成了过度宣传。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ central player: 核心角色。同义词：key participant, major actor, pivotal role。
◌ warming future: 变暖的未来。同义词：heating climate, warming world, increasing temperatures。
126. Pete Buttigieg, the new secretary of transportation, advocated plans to reduce car dependency.
新任交通部长皮特·布蒂吉格提倡实施计划以减少对汽车的依赖。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是Pete Buttigieg, the new secretary of transportation，指的是美国的新任交通部长。advocated是谓语，表明他的行动或立场。plans to reduce car dependency是宾语，描述了布蒂吉格所提倡的政策内容，即实施旨在减少对汽车依赖的计划。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ advocated: 提倡。同义词：supported, championed, promoted。
◌ plans: 计划。同义词：strategies, proposals, initiatives。
◌ reduce: 减少。同义词：decrease, lessen, diminish。
◌ car dependency: 对汽车的依赖。同义词：dependency on vehicles。
127. We support and encourage many planet-saving carbon offset projects worldwide.
我们支持并鼓励全球范围内许多拯救地球的碳补偿项目。
A.考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是个简单句。主语是We，谓语是support and encourage，表明主语所进行的行动。many planet-saving carbon offset projects worldwide是宾语，描述了所支持和鼓励的项目的类型和范围。planet-saving是形容词短语，修饰carbon offset projects，强调这些项目的环保目的。worldwide是副词，说明这些项目的全球性质。
B.同义表达替换：
◌ support: 支持。同义词：back, endorse, uphold。
◌ encourage: 鼓励。同义词：promote, foster, stimulate。
◌ planet-saving: 拯救地球的。同义词：earth-protecting, environmentally beneficial 。
◌ carbon offset: 碳补偿。同义词：greenhouse gas reduction，CO2 offsetting。