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欢迎学习历年考点例句与语法详解内容
金色加粗词汇是考试高频词，请注意对照中文认真学习。
2018年
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187. The picture of Andrew Jackson I put up because they said his campaign and my campaign tended to mirror each other.
我放上安德鲁·杰克逊的图片是因为他们说他的竞选和我的竞选倾向于相互呼应。
A. 考点句型拆解：
◌ 这个句子是一个简单句。主语是“The picture of Andrew Jackson”，谓语是“I put up”，描述了挂画的动作。“because they said his campaign and my campaign tended to mirror each other”是原因状语从句，说明了挂画的原因。在这里，“his campaign and my campaign”是主语，“tended to mirror each other”是谓语，表明两场竞选活动之间的相似性。
B. 同义表达替换：
“picture”: 画像。同义词：portrait, image, depiction。
“Andrew Jackson”: 安德鲁·杰克逊。美国历史人物，第七任美国总统。
“campaign”: 竞选活动。同义词：election campaign, political campaign, race for office。
“mirror each other”: 相互映射。同义词：reflect each other, resemble each other, parallel each other。
188. Alice Paul Tapper was on a fourth-grade field trip last year when she noticed something that bothered
Alice Paul Tapper在去年四年级的时候参加了一次实地考察，她注意到了一些让她感到不满的事情。
A. 考点句型拆解：
◌ 这个句子是一个简单句。主语是“Alice Paul Tapper”，是句子所讨论的个体。“was on a fourth-grade field trip last year”是谓语，描述了爱丽丝所在的环境和时间背景。“when she noticed something that bothered”是时间状语从句，说明了在这次郊游中她注意到了某件让她感到困扰的事情。
B. 同义表达替换：
“field trip”: 郊游。同义词：educational trip, excursion, outing。
“noticed”: 注意到。同义词：observed, saw, recognized。
“bothered”: 困扰。同义词：disturbed, troubled, concerned。
189. They raised their hands to respond to questions, even if they didn’t know the answer.
他们举手回答问题，即使他们不知道答案。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“They”，谓语是“raised their hands”，描述了行为——举手回答问题。“to respond to questions”是不定式短语作目的状语，说明举手的目的。“even if they didn’t know the answer”是条件状语从句，指出即使在不确定答案的情况下，他们仍然会尝试回答。
B. 同义表达替换：
“raised their hands”: 举手。同义词：lifted their arms, signaled with their hands。
“respond”: 回答。同义词：answer, reply, react。
“questions”: 问题。同义词：inquiries, queries, interrogations。
“even if”: 即使。同义词：although, though, even though。
“didn’t know”: 不知道。同义词：were unaware of, had no knowledge of, were uncertain about。
190. She’s nervous she’ll get it wrong and feel embarrassed.
她担心答错会感到尴尬。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“She”，谓语是“is nervous”，表达了她的情感状态。“she’ll get it wrong and feel embarrassed”是宾语从句，描述了她担心的情况：做错事情和因此感到尴尬。
B. 同义表达替换：
“nervous”: 紧张的。同义词：anxious, apprehensive, worried。
“get it wrong”: 做错。同义词：make a mistake, err, blunder。
“feel embarrassed”: 感到尴尬。同义词：feel ashamed, feel humiliated, feel self-conscious。
191. On that field trip, she figured a lot of other girls were probably keeping quiet, too.
在那次实地考察中，她想很多其他女孩可能也保持沉默。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“She”，谓语是“figured”，表示她做出了某种推测或理解。“a lot of other girls were probably keeping quiet, too”是宾语从句，描述了她的推测内容，即其他许多女孩也可能在保持沉默。
B. 同义表达替换：
“figured”: 推测。同义词：inferred, deduced, surmised。
“other girls”: 其他女孩。同义词：other females, other young ladies, other girls。
“probably”: 可能。同义词：likely, perhaps, presumably。
“keeping quiet”: 保持沉默。同义词：staying silent, not speaking up, remaining mute。
192. They talked about how girls are often told to be quiet and polite, while boys are encouraged to be bold and assertive.
他们谈论了女孩经常被告诉要保持安静和有礼貌，而男孩则被鼓励要大胆和坚定的问题。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“They talked about how”，其中“They”是主语，“talked about”是谓语，表明了对话的主题。“girls are often told to be quiet and polite, while boys are encouraged to be bold and assertive”是宾语从句，描述了谈话的具体内容，对比了女孩和男孩所接受的社会行为指导。
B. 同义表达替换：
“talked about”: 讨论。同义词：discussed, spoke about, conversed about。
“girls”: 女孩。同义词：young females, young ladies, female children。
“quiet and polite”: 安静和有礼貌。同义词：reserved and courteous, silent and well-mannered。
“boys”: 男孩。同义词：young males, young lads, male children。
“bold and assertive”: 大胆和自信。同义词：confident and assertive, brave and outspoken。
193. The other girls said they, too, sometimes hesitated to raise their hands, and they worried that this could hold them back in life.
其他女孩也表示，她们有时会犹豫是否举手，担心这可能会阻碍她们的人生发展。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“The other girls said”，其中“The other girls”是主语，“said”是谓语，表示她们所表达的内容。“they, too, sometimes hesitated to raise their hands, and they worried that this could hold them back in life”是宾语从句，描述了其他女孩的感受和担忧。在这里，“hesitated to raise their hands”表达了犹豫的行为，“worried that this could hold them back in life”则反映了她们的担忧。
B. 同义表达替换：
“hesitated”: 犹豫。同义词：paused, wavered, were uncertain。
“raise their hands”: 举手。同义词：lift their hands, put their hands up, signal。
“worried”: 担心。同义词：concerned, anxious, apprehensive。
“hold them back”: 阻碍。同义词：impede, hinder, restrain。
“in life”: 在生活中。同义词：in their lives, in their personal development, in their future。
194. If a girl raises her hand, it’s one step toward becoming a great leader.
如果女孩举起她的手，就是迈向成为一个领导者的一步。
A. 考点句型拆解：
◌ 这是一个条件句。主句是“It’s one step toward becoming a great leader”，表达了一个结果或后果。“If a girl raises her hand”是条件状语从句，设定了实现结果的前提或条件。
B. 同义表达替换：
“raises her hand”: 举手。同义词：lifts her hand, signals, indicates。
“one step”: 一步。同义词：an initial step, a first move, a beginning。
“toward”: 朝向。同义词：in the direction of, towards, leading to。
“becoming”: 成为。同义词：turning into, evolving into, developing into。
“a great leader”: 伟大的领袖。同义词：an outstanding leader, a remarkable leader, an exceptional leader。
195. She must pledge to raise her hand in class when she thinks she knows the answer —— even if she’s not 100% sure.
她必须承诺在课堂上举手，即使她不是100%确定她知道答案。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个命令句。主语是“She”，但在英语中常常省略。谓语是“must pledge”，表示必须做出承诺的强制性。“to raise her hand in class when she thinks she knows the answer”是不定式短语作宾语，说明承诺的内容。“even if she’s not 100% sure”是条件状语从句，提供了一个额外的条件或情况，即即使不完全确定答案也要举手。
B. 同义表达替换：
“pledge”: 承诺。同义词：promise, vow, commit。
“raise her hand”: 举手。同义词：lift her hand, signal, indicate。
“in class”: 在课堂上。同义词：during the lesson, in the classroom, while at school。
“thinks she knows”: 认为她知道。同义词：believes she understands, feels she grasps, suspects she comprehends。
“not 100% sure”: 不完全确定。同义词：not entirely certain, not fully confident, not completely assured。
196. She must recruit three girls to make the same pledge.
她必须招募三个女孩做出相同的承诺。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个命令句。主语通常在命令句中被省略。谓语是“must recruit”，表达了一种必须完成的行动。“three girls”是宾语，指明需要招募的对象。“to make the same pledge”是不定式短语作目的状语，说明招募的目的，即让这些女孩做出相同的承诺。
B. 同义表达替换：
“recruit”: 招募。同义词：enlist, gather, engage。
“make”: 做出。同义词：commit to, undertake, carry out。
“the same pledge”: 同样的承诺。同义词：identical promise, similar commitment, equivalent vow。
197. And she must talk about how raising her hand makes her feel.
她必须谈论举手让她有什么感觉。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个命令句。主语通常在命令句中被省略。谓语是“must talk about”，表明了需要进行的讨论行为。“how raising her hand makes her feel”是宾语从句，说明了讨论的内容，即举手对她的情感产生了什么样的影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“talk about”: 谈论。同义词：discuss, speak about, converse on。
“raising her hand”: 举手。同义词：lifting her hand, signaling, indicating。
“makes her feel”: 使她感觉。同义词：causes her to feel, leads her to experience, results in her feeling。
198. As a student he was drawn to physics and maths as he believed they offered the most fundamental insights into the world.
作为一名学生，他被物理学和数学吸引，因为他认为它们提供了对世界最基本的洞察。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“As a student he was drawn to physics and maths”，其中“As a student”是状语，描述了他的身份，“he was drawn to physics and maths”是谓语和宾语，表达了他对这些学科的兴趣。“as he believed they offered the most fundamental insights into the world”是原因状语从句，解释了他对这些学科感兴趣的原因，即他相信这些学科提供了对世界最基本的洞察。
B. 同义表达替换：
“drawn to”: 被吸引。同义词：attracted to, interested in, captivated by。
“physics and maths”: 物理和数学。同义词：physical sciences and mathematics, physics and math。
“fundamental insights”: 最基本的洞察。同义词：essential understandings, core perceptions, basic comprehension。
“the world”: 世界。同义词：our planet, the earth, the globe。
199. As Stephen’s health deteriorated, he took to walking with stick.
随着斯蒂芬的健康恶化，他开始使用拐杖行走。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Stephen”，谓语是“took to walking with stick”，描述了他因健康状况恶化而采取的行动。“As Stephen’s health deteriorated”是原因状语从句，说明了他开始使用拐杖行走的原因。
B. 同义表达替换：
“health”: 健康。同义词：well-being, physical condition, health status。
“deteriorated”: 恶化。同义词：worsened, declined, degenerated。
“took to”: 开始。同义词：started, commenced, began。
“walking with stick”: 使用拐杖行走。同义词：using a cane, relying on a walking stick, employing a cane for walking。
200. Hawking escaped the limits of his disability by training his mind to work in a new way.
霍金通过训练他的思维以一种新的方式工作，避免他的残疾限制。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Hawking”，谓语是“escaped the limits of his disability”，表明霍金如何克服了他的残疾所带来的限制。“by training his mind to work in a new way”是方式状语，说明了他克服这些限制的方法，即通过以新的方式训练他的思维。
B. 同义表达替换：
“escaped”: 摆脱。同义词：overcame, broke free from, got out of。
“limits”: 限制。同义词：constraints, restrictions, boundaries。
“disability”: 残疾。同义词：impairment, handicap, physical limitation。
“training his mind”: 训练他的思维。同义词：educating his intellect, conditioning his thought process, developing his mental faculties。
“work in a new way”: 以一种新的方式工作。同义词：function in a novel manner, operate differently, perform in a new fashion。
201. Hawking realized that black holes were like the Big Bang in reverse—and that meant the maths he’d used to describe black boles also described the Big Bang.
霍金意识到黑洞就像大爆炸的倒转，这意味着他用来描述黑洞的数学模型也可以用来描述大爆炸。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“Hawking realized that black holes were like the Big Bang in reverse”，其中“Hawking”是主语，“realized”是谓语，“that black holes were like the Big Bang in reverse”是宾语从句，描述了霍金的认识。“and that meant the maths he’d used to describe black holes also described the Big Bang”是并列宾语从句，阐述了他的这一认识对其数学描述方法的影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“realized”: 意识到。同义词：recognized, understood, comprehended。
“black holes”: 黑洞。同义词：cosmic voids, space singularities。
“like the Big Bang in reverse”: 像大爆炸的逆过程。同义词：similar to the inverse of the Big Bang, comparable to the Big Bang in reverse。
“maths”: 数学。同义词：mathematics, calculations, numerical methods。
“described”: 描述。同义词：characterized, delineated, depicted。
202. As you rest your feet on the leaf, you notice something strange .
当您将脚放在叶子上休息时，您注意到一些奇怪的事情。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“You”，谓语是“rest your feet on the leaf”，描述了行为——把脚放在树叶上。“you notice something strange”是主句的后半部分，表明在进行这个动作时所发现的异常现象。
B. 同义表达替换：
“rest”: 放置。同义词：place, set, position。
“feet”: 脚。同义词：foot, legs, extremities。
“leaf”: 树叶。同义词：foliage, frond, greenery。
“notice”: 注意到。同义词：observe, see, detect。
“strange”: 奇怪的。同义词：unusual, peculiar, odd。
203. In one-tenth of a second, you are caught in the Venus flytrap. You will be digested in five to twelve days.
在十分之一秒内，您被困在捕蝇草中。您将在5至12天内被消化。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。第一部分，“In one-tenth of a second, you are caught in the Venus flytrap”，是主句，描述了被捕食者落入陷阱的速度和情况。“In one-tenth of a second”是时间状语，说明了动作发生的快速。“you are caught in the Venus flytrap”是谓语和宾语，描述了被捕获的状态。 ◌ 第二部分，“You will be digested in five to twelve days”，是对未来的预测或确定性陈述，说明了消化的时间范围。
B. 同义表达替换：
“caught”: 被困。同义词：trapped, ensnared, captured。
“Venus flytrap”: 捕蝇草。同义词：Dionaea muscipula, carnivorous plant。
“digested”: 被消化。同义词：broken down, assimilated, decomposed。
“five to twelve days”: 五到十二天。同义词：approximately a week to almost two weeks。
204. Out of about 391,000 plant species in the world, only 600 or so are carnivorous.
在全球约39.1万种植物物种中，只有大约600种是食肉性植物。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Out of about 391,000 plant species in the world”，说明了全球植物种类的总数。“only 600 or so are carnivorous”是谓语和表语，描述了其中食肉植物的数量。
B. 同义表达替换：
“plant species”: 植物种类。同义词：types of plants, varieties of vegetation, forms of flora。
“in the world”: 在世界上。同义词：globally, on the planet, worldwide。
“carnivorous”: 食肉的。同义词：meat-eating, insectivorous, predatory。
205. Carnivorous plants live in places where the soil lacks nutrients.
食肉植物生长在土壤缺乏营养的地方。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Carnivorous plants”，谓语是“live”，描述了食肉植物的生活环境。“in places where the soil lacks nutrients”是地点状语从句，指出了这些植物所在的特定环境，即土壤营养不足的地方。
B. 同义表达替换：
“Carnivorous plants”: 食肉植物。同义词：meat-eating plants, insectivorous plants, predatory vegetation。
“live”: 生活。同义词：exist, grow, thrive。
“places”: 地方。同义词：locations, areas, habitats。
“soil lacks nutrients”: 土壤缺乏营养。同义词：soil is deficient in nutrients, ground is poor in minerals, earth lacks nourishment。
206. They have inward pointing hairs, making it hard to escape.
它们有朝内指向的毛发，使得逃脱变得困难。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“They”，指的是食肉植物。“have inward pointing hairs”是谓语和宾语，描述了食肉植物的一个特征。“making it hard to escape”是现在分词短语作结果状语，说明这种特征导致的后果，即使得猎物难以逃脱。
B. 同义表达替换：
“inward pointing hairs”: 向内指的毛发。同义词：inward-facing bristles, inwardly directed hairs, interior-pointing fibres。
“making it hard”: 使得困难。同义词：rendering it difficult, causing it to be challenging, making it tough。
“to escape”: 逃脱。同义词：to get away, to flee, to break free。
207. The fly lands on the pitcher plant to eat but slips into a pit filled with digestive fluids.
苍蝇降落在猪笼草上吃东西，但滑入了一个充满消化液体的坑中。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“The fly lands on the pitcher plant to eat”，其中“The fly”是主语，“lands on the pitcher plant”是谓语，描述了苍蝇的动作，“to eat”是目的状语，说明了苍蝇落在瓶子草上的原因。“but slips into a pit filled with digestive fluids”是转折状语从句，描述了落在瓶子草上后发生的意外情况。
B. 同义表达替换：
“lands on”: 落在。同义词：settles on, alights on, perches on。
“slips into”: 滑入。同义词：slides into, falls into, tumbles into。
“pit”: 坑。同义词：hole, cavity, depression。
“digestive fluids”: 消化液。同义词：digestive juices, enzymatic fluids, gastric liquids。
208. Bugs who wander into the corkscrew plant find that they are unable to escape.
那些闯入螺旋植物的昆虫发现它们无法逃脱。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Bugs who wander into the corkscrew plant”，描述了进入螺旋草的昆虫。“find that they are unable to escape”是谓语和宾语从句，说明了这些昆虫发现自己无法逃脱的情况。
B. 同义表达替换：
“wander into”: 闯入。同义词：stumble into, enter inadvertently, drift into。
“unable to escape”: 无法逃脱。同义词：incapable of escaping, unable to get away, unable to flee。
209. A moment of complete calm seems to be a rare and wonderful.
一个完全宁静的时刻似乎是一种罕见而美妙的发现。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“A moment of complete calm”，描述了平静的时刻。“seems to be”是谓语，表达了对这种时刻的看法。“a rare and wonderful”是表语，形容这种平静时刻的特质。
B. 同义表达替换：
“moment”: 时刻。同义词：instant, occasion, period。
“complete calm”: 完全平静。同义词：total tranquility, absolute peace, utter serenity。
“rare”: 罕见的。同义词：uncommon, unusual, infrequent。
“wonderful”: 美妙的。同义词：marvelous, delightful, splendid。
210. For me, those precious moments occur on a boat.
对我来说，那些珍贵的时刻发生在船上。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“For me”，强调了句子是从说话者的视角出发的。“those precious moments”是谓语的宾语，指代那些珍贵的时刻。“occur on a boat”是谓语，说明了这些时刻发生的地点。
B. 同义表达替换：
“precious”: 宝贵的。同义词：valuable, cherished, treasured。
“moments”: 时刻。同义词：instances, times, occasions。
“occur”: 发生。同义词：happen, take place, transpire。
“on a boat”: 在船上。同义词：aboard a vessel, on a ship, at sea。
211. From airport chaos to the confined space of an aircraft, nothing about commercial aviation appeals to my sense of adventure—or comfort.
从机场的混乱到飞机的有限的空间，商业航空没有什么能吸引我的冒险感或舒适感。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“nothing about commercial aviation appeals to my sense of adventure—or comfort”，其中“nothing about commercial aviation”是主语，表达了对商业航空各方面的总体看法，“appeals to my sense of adventure—or comfort”是谓语和宾语，说明了商业航空不符合个人对冒险或舒适的需求。“From airport chaos to the confined space of an aircraft”是状语，举例说明了商业航空中不满的具体方面。
B. 同义表达替换：
“chaos”: 机场混乱。同义词：disorder, confusion。
“confined space”: 狭小空间。同义词：restricted area, limited space, cramped quarters。
“commercial aviation”: 商业航空。同义词：airline industry, commercial airlines, civil aviation。
“sense of adventure”: 冒险感。同义词：adventurous spirit, desire for adventure, exploratory nature。
“comfort”: 舒适。同义词：ease, convenience, relaxation。
212. And out on the waves, as reality melts away, I always rediscover my own passion for the sea.
在海浪上，随着现实的融化，我总是重新发现自己对大海的热情。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“I always rediscover my own passion for the sea”，其中“I”是主语，“always rediscover”是谓语，表达了一种持续的行为或感受，“my own passion for the sea”是宾语，描述了对大海的热爱。“And out on the waves, as reality melts away”是时间和地点状语从句，设置了重发现这种热爱的情境和背景。
B. 同义表达替换：
“out on the waves”: 在海上波涛中。同义词：on the ocean waves, amidst the sea’s swells, among the billows。
“reality melts away”: 现实消融。同义词：reality fades, the real world dissolves, actuality vanishes。
“rediscover”: 重新发现。同义词：reawaken to, find again, re-encounter。
“passion”: 热情。同义词：enthusiasm, fervor, ardor。
“for the sea”: 对大海。同义词：towards the ocean, for the maritime world, for the aquatic expanse。
213. Whether I’m on a short ferry crossing or a cruise, the sea provides a true sense of travel, from the impressive physical shift of a ship leaving port to its navigation of the open water.
无论我是在短途渡轮还是在游轮上，大海都提供了一种真正的旅行感觉，从船使离港口的令人印象深刻的物理变化到它在开阔水域中的航行。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“the sea provides a true sense of travel”，其中“the sea”是主语，“provides”是谓语，表达大海提供的感觉，“a true sense of travel”是宾语，说明了这种感觉的性质。“Whether I’m on a short ferry crossing or a cruise”是条件状语从句，表明了这种感觉发生的不同情境，“from the impressive physical shift of a ship leaving port to its navigation of the open water”是从句，进一步详述了旅行感的来源。
B. 同义表达替换：
“short ferry crossing”: 短途渡轮。同义词：brief ferry trip, short ferry journey。
“cruise”: 邮轮。同义词：cruise journey, sea voyage。
“impressive”: 壮观物理转移。同义词：remarkable , striking 。
“navigation of the open water”: 开阔水域的航行。同义词：sailing on the open sea, traversing the open waters。
214. As ship steers towards an exciting new destination, I feel that affinity.
当船驶向激动人心的新目的地时，我感受到了这种亲密感。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“As ship steers towards an exciting new destination”，描述了船只的行动。“I feel that affinity”是谓语和宾语，表达了个人对这个行动的感受，即感受到的亲近感。
B. 同义表达替换：
“ship”: 船只。同义词：vessel, boat, craft。
“steers”: 驶向。同义词：navigates, heads, directs。
“exciting new destination”: 令人兴奋的新目的地。同义词：thrilling new location, exhilarating new place, intriguing new spot。
“affinity”: 亲近感。同义词：connection, bond, rapport。
215. I’ll stand out on deck, whatever the weather, and watch the ropes being untied, the boat slipping away from the dock and the landscape drifting farther and farther away.
无论天气如何，我都会站在甲板上，看着绳索被解开，船从码头滑离，而陆地风景逐渐逐渐离远。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“I’ll stand out on deck, whatever the weather”，其中“I”是主语，“’ll stand out on deck”是谓语，表示站立的行为，“whatever the weather”是条件状语，说明这个行为无论天气如何都会发生。“and watch the ropes being untied, the boat slipping away from the dock and the landscape drifting farther and farther away”是并列谓语结构，详细描述了在甲板上所做的观察活动。
B. 同义表达替换：
“stand out”: 站在外面。同义词：remain outside, stay out, be outdoors。
“deck”: 甲板。同义词：shipboard, platform, upper level of a ship。
“slipping away”: 滑离。同义词：gliding away, moving away, drifting off。
“landscape”: 景观。同义词：scenery, view, panorama。
216. On a plane,it’s difficult to make out much more than grassland; on the ferry, there is something exciting about seeing land slowly getting closer.
在飞机上，很难看到除草地外更多的事物；而在渡轮上，看到陆地慢慢靠近是一件令人兴奋的事情。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。第一部分，“On a plane, it’s difficult to make out much more than grassland”，是主句，描述了在飞机上观看景观的限制。“On a plane”是地点状语，指出了场景，“it’s difficult to make out much more than grassland”是谓语和宾语，表达了观看的困难。 ◌ 第二部分，“on the ferry, there is something exciting about seeing land slowly getting closer”，是独立的从句，对比了在渡轮上观看陆地靠近的体验。“on the ferry”是地点状语，指出了不同的场景，“there is something exciting about seeing land slowly getting closer”是主语和谓语，描述了观看陆地靠近的兴奋感觉。
B. 同义表达替换：
“make out”: 分辨出。同义词：discern, identify, perceive。
“grassland”: 草原。同义词：meadow, prairie, pasture。
“ferry”: 渡轮。同义词：boat, shuttle, watercraft。
“exciting”: 令人兴奋的。同义词：thrilling, exhilarating, stimulating。
217. Whether it’s for kid-happy convenience or sheer romance, boats will always be the preferred mode of transport for many travelers.
无论是为了方便孩子还是纯粹的浪漫，船只始终都会是许多旅行者首选的交通工具。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“boats will always be the preferred mode of transport for many travelers”，其中“boats”是主语，“will always be the preferred mode of transport”是谓语，表达了船只作为首选交通方式的持久性，“for many travelers”是宾语的定语，指明了这种选择的对象。 ◌ “Whether it’s for kid-happy convenience or sheer romance”是条件状语从句，表明了选择船只的两种可能原因：适合孩子的便利性和纯粹的浪漫。
B. 同义表达替换：
“kid-happy convenience”: 适合孩子的便利性。同义词：child-friendly comfort, family-oriented ease, kid-focused suitability。
“sheer romance”: 纯粹的浪漫。同义词：pure romantic appeal, absolute charm, unadulterated romance。
“boats”: 船只。同义词：vessels, ships, watercraft。
218. And out on the waves, as reality melts away, I always rediscover my own passion for the sea.
在海浪上，随着现实的融化，我总是重新发现自己对大海的热情。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“I always rediscover my own passion for the sea”，其中“I”是主语，“always rediscover”是谓语，表达了一种持续的行为或感受，“my own passion for the sea”是宾语，描述了对大海的热爱。“And out on the waves, as reality melts away”是时间和地点状语从句，设置了重发现这种热爱的情境和背景。
B. 同义表达替换：
“out on the waves”: 在海上波涛中。同义词：on the ocean waves, amidst the sea’s swells, among the billows。
“reality melts away”: 现实消融。同义词：reality fades, the real world dissolves, actuality vanishes。
“rediscover”: 重新发现。同义词：reawaken to, find again, re-encounter。
“passion”: 热情。同义词：enthusiasm, fervor, ardor。
219. At SXSW, the tech and culture conference in Austin, London Mayor Sadiq Khan criticized big tech companies and regulators for failing to stem the spread of hate, misinformation and radical viewpoints online.
在奥斯汀举行的SXSW科技和文化会议上，伦敦市长萨迪·汗批评大型科技公司和监管机构未能遏制仇恨、虚假信息和激进观点在网上的传播。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“London Mayor Sadiq Khan criticized big tech companies and regulators”，其中“London Mayor Sadiq Khan”是主语，“criticized”是谓语，表明他所做的批评行为，“big tech companies and regulators”是宾语，指出批评的对象。“for failing to stem the spread of hate, misinformation and radical viewpoints online”是原因状语从句，说明了批评的原因，即这些机构未能阻止负面内容在网上的传播。
B. 同义表达替换：
“criticized”: 批评。同义词：condemned, censured, rebuked。
“big tech companies”: 大型科技公司。同义词：major technology firms, large tech corporations, leading tech giants。
“regulators”: 监管机构。同义词：regulatory bodies, oversight agencies, supervisory authorities。
“stem the spread”: 阻止传播。同义词：halt the proliferation, stop the dissemination, curb the spread。
“misinformation”: 错误信息。同义词：false information, misleading data, incorrect facts。
220. The mayor said that governments have been in “dereliction of duty” when it comes to passing regulations to combat the ways technology has negatively affected.
市长表示，在通过法规应对技术对社会已产生负面影响的问题上，政府一直在“失职”。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“The mayor said that governments have been in ‘dereliction of duty’”，其中“The mayor”是主语，“said”是谓语，“that governments have been in ‘dereliction of duty’”是宾语从句，表达了市长的观点。“when it comes to passing regulations to combat the ways technology has negatively affected”是时间状语从句，指明了玩忽职守发生的具体领域，即在制定应对科技负面影响的法规方面。
B. 同义表达替换：
“dereliction of duty”: 玩忽职守。同义词：negligence of responsibility, failure in duty, neglect of obligations。
“passing regulations”: 通过法规。同义词：enacting laws, implementing rules, establishing legislation。
“combat”: 应对。同义词：fight against, tackle, confront。
“negatively affected”: 负面影响。同义词：adverse impacts, negative effects of, detrimental consequences of。
221. Ultimately, he said, it’s up to governments to work with technology businesses and leaders to make sure that technological advancement has the proper.
最终，他说这取决于政府与科技企业和领导者的合作，以确保技术的进步得到适当的检查。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“it”，指代之前提到的情况或概念。“is up to governments to work with technology businesses and leaders”是谓语和宾语从句，表达了政府的责任和行动，即与科技企业和领导者合作。“to make sure that technological advancement has the proper”是目的状语从句，阐释了合作的目的，即确保科技进步得到适当的处理。
B. 同义表达替换：
“up to governments”: 由政府来做。同义词：responsibility of governments, on the shoulders of governments, incumbent upon governments。
“work with”: 与…合作。同义词：collaborate with, cooperate with, partner with。
“technology businesses”: 科技企业。同义词：tech companies, technological firms, IT businesses。
“leaders”: 领导者。同义词：executives, heads, chiefs。
“technological advancement”: 科技进步。同义词：technological progress, tech development, innovation in technology。
222. Social media firms are already under new regulatory pressure in Europe, thanks to German laws enacted in January that will fine companies that don’t take down problematic content within 24 hours of it being reported.
由于德国在一月颁布的法律，将对在被举报后24小时内未删除问题内容的公司进行罚款，社交媒体公司在欧洲已面临新的监管压力。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“Social media firms are already under new regulatory pressure in Europe”，其中“Social media firms”是主语，“are already under new regulatory pressure”是谓语，描述了这些公司所面临的新的监管状况，“in Europe”是地点状语，说明了监管发生的地区。“thanks to German laws enacted in January that will fine companies that don’t take down problematic content within 24 hours of it being reported”是原因状语从句，解释了这种新压力的来源。
B. 同义表达替换：
“regulatory pressure”: 监管压力。同义词：regulatory scrutiny, oversight stress, regulatory burden。
“enacted”: 颁布。同义词：implemented, established, put into effect。
“fine”: 罚款。同义词：penalize, levy a fine, impose a penalty。
“problematic content”: 问题内容。同义词：inappropriate material, offensive content, problematic material。
“within 24 hours”: 在24小时内。同义词：within a day, in less than a day, in a 24-hour period。
223. Information and Communications Technology (ICT), through its evolution, has generally been perceived as beneficial, furthering progress and the common good.
信息和通信技术在其发展过程中通常被认为是有益的，促进了进步和共同利益。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个简单句。主语是“Information and Communications Technology (ICT)”，谓语是“has generally been perceived as beneficial”，描述了ICT通常被看待的方式。“through its evolution”是状语，说明了ICT发展的过程。“furthering progress and the common good”是现在分词短语作结果状语，指出了被认为有益的ICT的具体影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“perceived as”: 被认为是。同义词：viewed as, regarded as, considered to be。
“beneficial”: 有益的。同义词：advantageous, helpful, positive。
“furthering”: 促进。同义词：advancing, promoting, enhancing。
“progress”: 进步。同义词：development, advancement, improvement。
“the common good”: 公共利益。同义词：public interest, general welfare, societal benefit。
224. Khan did not call for this type of regulation but warned that even stricter regulation could be on its way if companies don’t respond to government concerns.
汗（伦敦市长）暂时没有呼吁这种类型的监管，但警告说，如果公司不回应政府的担忧，甚至可能会出台更严格的监管措施。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“Khan did not call for this type of regulation”，其中“Khan”是主语，“did not call for”是谓语，表示他没有提出这种类型的监管需求。“this type of regulation”是宾语，指的是之前提到的某种监管方式。“but warned that even stricter regulation could be on its way”是转折状语从句，指出了如果公司不采取行动，可能发生的后果。
B. 同义表达替换：
“call for”: 要求。同义词：demand, request, advocate for。
“regulation”: 监管。同义词：control, oversight, regulation。
“warned”: 警告。同义词：alerted, cautioned, advised。
“stricter”: 更严格的。同义词：tougher, more rigorous, harsher。
225. But, ICT has not had the foresight to see how the evolving industry can produce unintended consequences.
但是，信息和通信技术没有预见到不断发展的行业会产生意想不到的后果。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“But, ICT has not had the foresight”，其中“But”是转折连词，引出与前文相反的观点，“ICT”是主语，“has not had the foresight”是谓语，表明了ICT行业缺乏预见性。“to see how the evolving industry can produce unintended consequences”是不定式短语作宾语，说明了ICT没有预见的具体内容，即行业的发展可能导致的非预期后果。
B. 同义表达替换：
“foresight”: 预见。同义词：vision, forethought, anticipation。
“evolving”: 发展中的。同义词：developing, progressing, advancing。
“industry”: 行业。同义词：sector, field, business area。
“produce”: 产生。同义词：generate, lead to, create。
226. A recent report on family dynamics suggests that the answer to that question can have a significant impact on the health and long lasting of a relationship.
一份关于家庭动态的最新报告表明，这个问题的答案可能对一段关系的健康和持久产生重大影响。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“A recent report on family dynamics suggests”，其中“A recent report”是主语，“suggests”是谓语，表明报告提出的观点或建议。“that the answer to that question can have a significant impact on the health and long-lasting of a relationship”是宾语从句，描述了报告中提出的主要内容，即对某个问题的答案对关系的健康和持久性可能有重要影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“recent report”: 最新报告。同义词：latest study, new research, recent analysis。
“family dynamics”: 家庭关系。同义词：family interactions, household relationships, family structure。
“significant impact”: 显著影响。同义词：considerable effect, major influence, substantial impact。
“health”: 健康。同义词：well-being, soundness, wellness。
“long-lasting”: 长久的。同义词：enduring, lasting, permanent。
227. A recent report on family dynamics suggests that the answer to that question can have a significant impact on the health and long lasting of a relationship.
一份关于家庭动态的最新报告表明，这个问题的答案可能对一段关系的健康和持久产生重大影响。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“A recent report on family dynamics suggests”，其中“A recent report”是主语，“suggests”是谓语，表明报告提出的观点或建议。“that the answer to that question can have a significant impact on the health and long-lasting of a relationship”是宾语从句，描述了报告中提出的主要内容，即对某个问题的答案对关系的健康和持久性可能有重要影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“recent report”: 最新报告。同义词：latest study, new research, recent analysis。
“family dynamics”: 家庭关系。同义词：family interactions, household relationships, family structure。
“significant impact”: 显著影响。同义词：considerable effect, major influence, substantial impact。
“health”: 健康。同义词：well-being, soundness, wellness。
“long-lasting”: 长久的。同义词：enduring, lasting, permanent。
228. They found that noise pollution is not good for people and it’s even worse for animals with more sensitive.
他们发现噪音污染对人类不利，对听觉更敏感的动物来说更糟糕。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“They found that noise pollution is not good for people”，其中“They”是主语，“found”是谓语，表明了所发现的结论，“that noise pollution is not good for people”是宾语从句，描述了研究的发现内容。“and it’s even worse for animals with more sensitive”是并列的宾语从句，补充说明了噪音污染对于感官更敏感的动物造成的更大影响。
B. 同义表达替换：
“noise pollution”: 噪音污染。同义词：sound pollution, auditory pollution, noise contamination。
“not good for”: 对…不利。同义词：harmful to, detrimental to, bad for。
“even worse”: 更糟。同义词：even more detrimental, further harmful, more damaging。
“sensitive”: 感官更敏感的动物。同义词：senses, perceptions。
229. And the problem is not confined to land but echoes across the seas as well, where human-produced noise interferes with the lives of various ocean dwellers.
问题不仅限于陆地，还在海洋中回荡，人类产生的噪音干扰了各种海洋生物的生活。
A. 考点句型拆解： ◌ 这是一个复合句。主句是“And the problem is not confined to land”，其中“And”是连接词，表示补充或扩展，“the problem”是主语，“is not confined to land”是谓语，指出问题不仅局限于陆地。“but echoes across the seas as well, where human-produced noise interferes with the lives of various ocean dwellers”是并列的从句，扩展了问题的范围，说明人类产生的噪音如何影响海洋生物。
B. 同义表达替换：
“confined to”: 限于。同义词：restricted to, limited to, bound to。
“land”: 陆地。同义词：ground, earth, terrain。
“echoes across”: 波及。同义词：resonates throughout, spreads to, extends to。
“seas”: 海洋。同义词：oceans, marine areas, aquatic realms。
“human-produced noise”: 人类产生的噪音。同义词：man-made noise, noise generated by humans, anthropogenic sound。
“ocean dwellers”: 海洋生物。同义词：marine creatures, sea inhabitants, aquatic organisms。